Grammar أ/ أحمد البسيوني / الجزء الرابع

المضارع التام
a. I haven't met Ali for a long time. (It is ….)
- It is a long time since I met Ali.
- I last met Ali a long time ago.
- The last time I met Ali was a long time ago.
b. I haven't played football since 1992.(last – the last time-for –It is
- I haven't played football for twelve years.
- I last played football in 1992.
- I last played football twelve years ago.
- The last time I played football was in 1992.
- The last time I played football was twelve years ago.
- It is twelve years since I played football.
c. I haven't seen Khalid for a week. ( since - last – the last)
- I haven't seen Khalid since last week
- I last saw Khalid a week ago.
- The last time I saw Khalid was a week ago.
d. I haven't seen Maha since I was here . (I last – The last time….)
- I last saw Maha when I was here.
- The last time I saw Maha was when I was here.
e. I haven't seen Maha since 1990. (last – the last time)
- I last saw Maha in 1990.
- I last saw Maha fourteen years ago.
- The last time I saw Maha was in 1990.
- The last time I saw Maha was fourteen years ago.
f. I began to study English in 1990. (for – since - ago)
- I began to study English fourteen years ago.
- I have been studying English for fourteen years.
- I have been studying English since 1990
g. I have never seen such an intelligent boy .
I have never seen a more intelligent boy than he is.
I have never seen so intelligent a boy as he is.
This is the most intelligent boy I have ever seen.
فاعل last + تصريف ثان + تكملة in سنة
فاعل last + تصريف ثان + تكملة + مدة زمنية
فاعل last + تصريف ثان + تكملة + when فاعل +فعل
The last time +فاعل +تصريف ثان + تكملة was + in سنة
The last time +فاعل +تصريف ثان + تكملة was + مدة+ ago
The last time +فاعل +تصريف ثان + تكملة + when فاعل +فعل
36. Question tags :
يستخدم للتأكد من صحة الجملة أو للتأكيد على معناها
يتكون من الفعل المساعد وضمير الفاعل فقط :
1. He is a teacher , isn't he ?
2. He doesn't speak English, does he ?
لا حظ أن الفعل المساعد ينفى إذا كانت الجملة مثبتة ويثبت إذا كانت الجملة منفية.


1. I'm late for school, aren't I ?
2. I'm late for school, am I not?
3. I'm not late for school, am I ?

1. Let's go, shall we?
2. Let us go, (will – won't) you ?

1. I'd rather stay at a hotel, wouldn't I ?
2. We'd better leave, hadn't we?

1. Don't forget to take the pen, will you ?
2. Turn on the light,(will, would, could) you ?

1. This is a lion, isn't it?
2. Nothing is right, is it?
3. Everything is wrong, isn't it?

1. Everyone agreed, didn't they?
2. Somebody took my pen, didn't they?
3. No one can help you, can they?
4. Neither of them plays Tennis, do they ?

1. He had some tea, did he?
2. He had a car, hadn't he(didn't he)?

1. I think they are poor, aren't they ?
2. I don't think they will speak, will they ?
3. I suggest we go to the cinema, don't we ?

1. She never goes to the club, does she?
2. Nothing is right, is it?
3. No one can help you, can they?
4. Neither of them plays Tennis, do they ?





37. The Passive :
التصريف الأول (am-is-are) + 3
التصريف الثانى (was – were) + 3
have/ has/ had + 3 have/has/ had + been +3
(am-is – are- was – were) + v.ing (am – is – are- was – were) + being + 3
will/ can… + 1 will / can… be + 3
will have + 3 will have been +3
don't +1 (am – is are) + not +3
didn't + 1 (was – were) + not +3
make +1 am – is – are made to + 1
want to –be going to – seem to – have to – be about to – be supposed to want to – is going to - seem to + be+3
make مفعول + 1 (am – is – are) made to be +3
think, believe, say, consider, know, claim, understand, report, allege, expect, announce a. It is /was… +3 that فاعل + فعل
b. فاعل is /was … +3 to فعل
إذا كان هنالك مفعولين فلكل مفعول جملة وإذا بدأت بالمفعول غير العاقل تضاف to أو for قبل الفاعل العاقل :
Ali bought Ahmed a car :
Ahmed was bought a car by Ali
A car was bought for Ahmed by Ali .
لا حظ الآتى:
1. I don't like people deceiving me. فى حالة السؤال
I don't like being deceived.
2. I don't like people to deceive me.
I don't like to be deceived 1. Why is Ghada taken the book ?
3. He let other people laugh at him. Why is the book being taken ?
He let himself be laughed at. 2. How will Maha solve the problem?
4. They didn't do anything to help us. How will the problem be solved?
Nothing was done to help us


1. Hany always carries the books bought from the bookshop in the bag.
2. Yesterday the president gave a speech on the occasion of the Victory.
3. He has read the books in the library three times. (two answers)
4. After he had taken the pen, he wrote the three problems in his notebook
5. He is putting the knife in the kitchen.
6. He is taking the knife in the kitchen to use for peeling the potatoes.
7. He will take the exam that the teacher promised to pass in the school.
8. No one has taken the umbrella.
9. People think Heba takes an English course.
10. People thought Heba took an English course.
11. People think Heba took an English course.
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